Malformations and anomalies of the branchial arches - Diagnosis and management

The branchial or pharyngeal arches are slits that are located on both sides of the embryo, and from them originate the muscles, bones, cartilage and nerves of the face, head and neck.

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During the process of growth and development of tissues, alterations may occur that lead to sinuses, fistulas or cysts. The location of the alteration determines which branchial arch it belongs to.

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Learn what the alterations and malformations of the branchial arches are, detailing the clinical management and treatment.

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PDF 🔽 Guide for the surgical management and oral pathology of the pediatric patient ... Some of the pathologies that we can frequently find in children that need surgical procedures are: supernumerary and impacted teeth, congenital cysts, mucoceles

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👉 "First and second branchial arch syndromes: multimodality approach" 👈
Senggen E, Laswed T, Meuwly JY, Maestre LA, Jaques B, Meuli R, Gudinchet F. First and second branchial arch syndromes: multimodality approach. Pediatr Radiol. 2011 May;41(5):549-61. doi: 10.1007/s00247-010-1831-3. Epub 2010 Oct 6. PMID: 20924574.

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👉 "Management of congenital third branchial arch anomalies: A systematic review" 👈
Nicoucar K, Giger R, Jaecklin T, Pope HG Jr, Dulguerov P. Management of congenital third branchial arch anomalies: a systematic review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010 Jan;142(1):21-28.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.otohns.2009.09.001. Epub 2009 Nov 25. PMID: 20096218.

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👉 "Management of congenital fourth branchial arch anomalies: a review and analysis of published cases" 👈
Nicoucar K, Giger R, Pope HG Jr, Jaecklin T, Dulguerov P. Management of congenital fourth branchial arch anomalies: a review and analysis of published cases. J Pediatr Surg. 2009 Jul;44(7):1432-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2008.12.001. PMID: 19573674.

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What is odontogenic infection? - Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

Odontogenic infections are those that begin in the oral cavity, generally from dental caries, but also from periodontal pathology.

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PDF 🔽 Odontogenic infection in facial spaces - Pharmacological and surgical management in pediatric patients ... Infections that affect the head and neck are generally of odontogenic origin, and have a rapid evolution that put the patient's life at risk. Treatment must be immediate and in many cases multidisciplinary

Odontogenic infections can spread through the bone and affect structures far from the oral cavity such as the neck region. These infections can occur in both children and adults, and the dentist must be familiar with the management and treatment to avoid serious consequences.

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Learn about the complications, diagnosis and symptoms of odontogenic infections and the most effective treatment.

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PDF 🔽 Ludwig's angina in a pediatric patient - Case report (diagnosis, symptoms and treatment) ... Ludwig's angina is a severe and life-threatening infectious process with rapid progression. It is common in adults but can occur in children with suppressed immunity

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👉 "Odontogenic Infection. Review of the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Complications and Treatment" 👈
Ortiz R, Espinoza V (2021) Odontogenic Infection. Review of the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Complications and Treatment. Res Rep Oral Maxillofac Surg 5:055. doi.org/10.23937/2643- 3907/1710055

📌 Watch video: "Management of Odontogenic Infections: 6 Effective Treatments"

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Mucocele in Pediatric Dentistry: Clinical and pathological characteristics

Mucocele is a benign lesion that occurs in the oral mucosa and is the product of an alteration in the minor salivary glands. It is recognized as a swelling with mucous content, well circumscribed, and bluish in color.

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The presence of a mucocele may be due to trauma or ductal obstruction. The treatment is surgical and anesthesia is local, but depending on the behavior of the pediatric patient it can be performed with general anesthesia.

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Let's know the clinical and pathological characteristics of salivary mucocele in children and adolescents.

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PDF 🔽 Surgical excision of mucocele with local anesthesia in an 8-month-old baby ... We share the case of the surgical removal of a mucocele in an 08-month-old baby under local anesthesia

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👉 "Salivary Mucoceles in Children and Adolescents: A Clinicopathological Study" 👈
Poulopoulos A, Andreadis D, Parcharidis E, Grivea I, Syrogiannopoulos G, et al. (2017) Salivary Mucoceles in Children and Adolescents: A Clinicopathological Study. Glob J Medical Clin Case Rep 4(1): 011-014. DOI: 10.17352/2455-5282.000035

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👉 "MUCOCELES OF MINOR SALIVARY GLANDS IN CHILDREN. OWN CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS" 👈
Lewandowski B, Brodowski R, Pakla P, Makara A, Stopyra W, Startek B. Mucoceles of minor salivary glands in children. Own clinical observations. Dev Period Med. 2016;20(3):235-242. PMID: 27941195.

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Appropriate use of antibiotics in pediatric odontogenic infections

Oral infections in pediatric patients can trigger a severe septic condition that can put the patient's life at risk. The appropriate use of antibiotics is effective in the treatment of oral infections of odontogenic origin.

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PDF 🔽 Antimicrobial therapies for odontogenic infections in children and adolescents ... Odontogenic infections can arise from caries or a periodontal problem, sometimes they can be due to dental trauma or iatrogenesis

Knowledge of antibiotic pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics prevents resistance and adverse drug reactions. In addition, we must take a correct anamnesis to avoid allergic processes.

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We share updated information on the appropriate use of antibiotics in infectious processes of odontogenic origin in pediatric patients.

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👉 "Use of Antibiotic Therapy for Pediatric Dental Patients" 👈

American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Use of antibiotic therapy for pediatric dental patients. The Reference Manual of Pediatric Dentistry. Chicago, Ill.: American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry; 2023:537-41.

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Oral lesions in neonates, children and adolescents. Characteristics, diagnosis and treatment

Oral lesions in newborns can affect hard and soft tissues, and can be part of a systemic condition, which is why it is of great interest to the neonatologist, pediatrician, and pediatric dentist.

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Clinical knowledge of injuries helps us make a timely diagnosis and effective treatment, in addition to correct advice to parents.

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Learn about the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and management of oral lesions that occur most frequently in neonates, children and adolescents. Information in PDF and video

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Article PDF 🔽 Odontogenic facial cellulitis in a pediatric patient - Diagnosis, treatment and multidisciplinary management ... Facial cellulitis is an infectious process, usually odontogenic, that puts the life of the pediatric patient at serious risk if it does not have the appropriate treatment

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👉 "Oral Pathology in Paediatric Patients" 👈

: Shah S (2018) Oral Pathology in Paediatric Patients. J Neonatol Clin Pediatr 5: 022

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Characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of common oral disorders in newborns

The oral cavity of newborns can present lesions and alterations in the oral cavity that cause concern to their parents and that can also put the growth and development of the newborn at risk.

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Health professionals must know and recognize the characteristics of the different lesions that newborns present in the oral cavity so that they can adequately advise parents.

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We share the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatments of the oral lesions and conditions that occur most frequently in newborns. Information in PDF and video

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Article PDF 🔽 Neonatal tooth with Riga-Fede disease affecting breastfeeding: A case report ... Neonatal teeth generate an ulcer in the sublingual region, and it is known as Riga-Fede disease. Breastfeeding is compromised by the discomfort generated by the ulcer

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👉 "Diagnosis and management of oral lesions and conditions in the newborn" 👈

WFP Van Heerden & AW Van Zyl (2010) Diagnosis and management of oral lesions and conditions in the newborn, South African Family Practice, 52:6, 489-491, DOI:10.1080/20786204.2010.10874032

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Zirconia crowns in pediatric dentistry: Clinical considerations and step-by-step procedure

Early childhood caries destroys children's dental tissue, especially the upper incisors, putting the patient's aesthetics, chewing, phonation, and social development at risk.

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Video 🔽 Step-by-step preparation of molars and primary incisors for Zirconia crowns ... The greatest benefit of Zirconia crowns is aesthetics, compared to stainless steel crowns. At the time of preparation, a series of considerations must be taken by the pediatric dentist

Currently there are several aesthetic alternatives for the oral rehabilitation of pediatric patients, such as direct resins, celluloid crowns or zirconia crowns.

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👉 "Clinical considerations for preformed zirconia crowns in early childhood caries: A case series and review of literature" 👈

Rajesh Hemant Bariker, Jorge Casián-Adem, Ivonne Segovia. Clinical considerations for preformed zirconia crowns in early childhood caries: A case series and review of literature. Contemp Pediatr Dent 2022:3(1):24-34

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What is dental abscess? - Causes, diagnosis and treatment

The progression of caries destroys the tooth structure and compromises the pulp, spreading the infection to the alveolar bone. The infectious process causes excruciating pain and requires immediate treatment.

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Tooth abscess presents several signs and symptoms, the main ones being: intense pain when chewing, swelling, accumulation of pus and general discomfort.

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Learn about the definition, causes, diagnosis, symptoms, clinical and pharmacological management of dental abscess in children and adults.

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Article PDF 🔽 Odontogenic facial cellulitis in a pediatric patient - Medical-dental management considerations ... In the initial stages, cellulite is of a soft consistency, in advanced stages it is hardened. The infant's immune system is diminished, so it is necessary to control and eliminate the causative agent

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👉 "Management of Oral Parafunctional Habits: A Case Report" 👈

Compiled by the GOSH web team in collaboration with the Child and Family Information Group Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH www.gosh.nhs.uk

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Parafunctional oral habits. Which are? Diagnosis and treatment

Parafunctional oral habits are repetitive actions that hinder the harmonious growth of the jaws and orofacial development. Parafunctional habits are highly prevalent and can be acquired and compulsive.

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Early evaluation and diagnosis is essential in these cases, and treatment can be multifactorial through the intervention of the pediatrician and speech therapist. Some parafunctional habits are: tongue interposition, digital sucking and mouth breathing.

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👉 "Management of Oral Parafunctional Habits: A Case Report" 👈

P.S, Murali & Achalli, Sonika & Chandragiri, Sandeep & Shetty, Sameep. (2023). Management of Oral Parafunctional Habits: A Case Report. Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU. 10.1055/s-0043-1764358.

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👉 "Oral Habits and its Relationship to Malocclusion: A Review " 👈

Kharat S. Oral Habits and its Relationship to Malocclusion: A Review. J Adv Med Dent Scie Res 2014;2(4):123-126.

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Painless anesthesia in pediatric dentistry - Application techniques and systems

Anesthesia helps control pain and improves the management of the pediatric patient, so it is important that the pediatric dentist knows the different anesthetic techniques to minimize the pain and stress of the patient.

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There are several factors that ensure effective anesthesia, such as knowledge of the anatomical structures, dosage, and administration of the anesthetic solution.

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There are currently several local anesthetic administration systems that improve the patient's experience during the dental procedure. Learn about the new painless local anesthesia administration systems and techniques in pediatric dentistry, and how to control pain in pediatric patients.

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Watch the video 🔽 Inferior alveolar nerve block Technique For Children - Tips and tricks ... The inferior alveolar nerve block technique is one of the most used, because it blocks the painful sensations of half of the tongue, lip, teeth and bone of the lower jaw

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👉 "Painless Anaesthesia in Pediatric Dentistry: An Updated Review" 👈

Kulkarni, Nupoor & Parakh, Anushka & Modi, Shagun & Mankare, Akash & Vanjari, Gauri & Fernandes, Gabriela. (2019). Painless Anaesthesia in Pediatric Dentistry: An Updated Review. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences. 18. 67-71. 10.9790/0853-1804076771.

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Medical emergencies in pediatric dentistry: Diagnosis and treatment

Pediatric medical emergencies can occur in the dental office, and the professional must be prepared to prevent, identify, diagnose, and treat these life-threatening events.

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Watch the video 🔽 How to handle medical emergencies in pediatric dentistry? ... We share a video that teaches us what should be the immediate behavior that the pediatric dentist should have in the event of a medical emergency in a pediatric patient (syncope / asthma / anaphylaxis)

The clinical history must be rigorous to identify any medical history that puts us on alert during dental management, such as allergies or heart disease.

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👉 "Management of Pediatric Medical Emergencies in the Dental Office" 👈

Steven Schwartz, DDS; Jayakumar Jayaraman, BDS, MDS, FDSRCS, MS, PhD Management of Pediatric Medical Emergencies in the Dental Office dentalcare.com

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How to manage dental infections? - Specific pharmacological treatment

Various types of infections (caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, etc.) can originate in the oral cavity, all of them of different severity. In some cases they can put the patient's life at risk and require hospital care.

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Video - PDF 🔽 Dental abscess, facial cellulitis and Ludwig's Angina in a pediatric patient - Diagnosis and treatment ... We share a complete list of clinical cases, scientific articles, videos on the diagnosis, surgical and pharmacological treatment of odontogenic infections in pediatric patients

The dentist must recognize the symptoms, the clinical and pharmacological management of odontogenic infections, in order to act immediately and thus avoid the aggravation of the conditions.

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Let us know the causative agents of odontogenic infections and the clinical management and specific pharmacological treatment for each of them.

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👉 "How are odontogenic infections best managed?" 👈

J Can Dent Assoc 2010;76:a37

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Bruxism: What are the symptoms? How is it diagnosed?

Bruxism is a parafunctional and multifactorial activity that consists of abnormal contact of the teeth (clenching or grinding), resulting in pain and alterations in the chewing muscles, temporomandibular joint, and teeth.

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Bruxism can occur at any age, and must be diagnosed and treated in time to avoid its serious consequences and complications. Treatment is sometimes usually multidisciplinary.

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Article PDF 🔽 How to Reduce a TMJ Dislocation? ... Dislocation of the temporomandibular joint is a painful condition that occurs when the mandibular condyle becomes fixed in the anterosuperior aspect of the articular eminence

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👉 "Diagnosis and treatment of bruxism: Concepts from past to present" 👈

Dr. Hema Kanathila, Dr. Ashwin Pangi, Dr. Bharathi Poojary, Dr. Mallikarjun Doddamani. Diagnosis and treatment of bruxism: Concepts from past to present. Int J Appl Dent Sci 2018;4(1):290-295.

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Manual of extraction techniques in pediatric dentistry - Step by step

Tooth extraction is a routine treatment in the pediatric dentist's office. This procedure is performed when the tooth presents a deep caries and impossible reconstruction, fracture due to trauma, eruptive problems.

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The characteristics of the primary teeth and the presence of the germs of the permanent teeth must be taken into account when performing a dental extraction.

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We share an article that shows us the anatomical considerations and the appropriate surgical technique when extracting teeth in pediatric patients.

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📌 Read and download the article in PDF : Extraction of Primary Dentition From Handbook of Clinical Techniques in Pediatric Dentistry



Chapter 8: Extraction of Primary Dentition From Handbook of Clinical Techniques in Pediatric Dentistry. Edited by Jane A. Soxman

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Antibiotics in dental infections in children. Which one to use?

The oral cavity presents a flora that can be affected by an infectious process, at which point the flora becomes opportunistic. The use of antibiotics must be reasonable to control infectious processes.

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The administration of drugs must be responsible to avoid antibiotic resistance (ability of a microorganism to resist the effects of a drug). Before prescribing a medication, it is necessary to review and analyze the drug to avoid resistance and other problems such as allergies.

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We share a study that analyzes the characteristics and use of the most widely used antibiotics in pediatric dentistry during a dental infection.

📌 Read and download the article in PDF : Antibiotic use for treating dental infections in children



Cherry, W.R., Lee, J.Y., Shugars, D.A., White, R.P., & Vann, W.F. (2012). Antibiotic use for treating dental infections in children: a survey of dentists' prescribing practices. Journal of the American Dental Association, 143 1, 31-8.

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What is frenectomy? Step by step surgical procedure

In the oral cavity we can find two types of frenulum: the lingual and the labial. The alterations of the braces can cause aesthetic and phonetic problems. Treatment is sometimes multidisciplinary: pediatric dentist and speech therapist.

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Article PDF 🔽 Oral Surgery: Use of laser in lingual frenectomy in pediatric patients ... We share an interesting clinical case of a 7-year-old girl referred by the orthodontist for a lingual frenectomy

The frenectomy is performed under local anesthesia and has a short postoperative period without major complications. This surgical procedure can be performed on pediatric and adult patients.

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We share complete information about frenectomy, effectiveness and the step-by-step procedure regarding a clinical case. In addition to the case of a laser frenectomy in pediatric patients.

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👉 "Surgical techniques for the treatment of ankyloglossia in children: a case series" 👈

Junqueira MA, Cunha NN, Costa e Silva LL, Araújo LB, Moretti AB, Couto Filho CE, Sakai VT. Surgical techniques for the treatment of ankyloglossia in children: a case series. J Appl Oral Sci. 2014 Jun;22(3):241-8. doi: 10.1590/1678-775720130629. PMID: 25025566; PMCID: PMC4072276.

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👉 "Frenectomy for the Correction of Ankyloglossia: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness and Guidelines" 👈

Frenectomy for the Correction of Ankyloglossia: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness and Guidelines [Internet]. Ottawa (ON): Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health; 2016 Jun 15. PMID: 27403491.

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👉 "Treatment of ankyloglossia with dental laser in paediatric patients: Scoping review and a case report" 👈

Garrocho-Rangel A, Herrera-Badillo D, Pérez-Alfaro I, Fierro-Serna V, Pozos-Guillén A. Treatment of ankyloglossia with dental laser in paediatric patients: Scoping review and a case report. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2019 Jun;20(2):155-163. doi: 10.23804/ejpd.2019.20.02.15. PMID: 31246095.

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