Ludwig's Angina. Presentation of a pediatric case

Ludwig’s angina is a serious, a rapidly progressive cellulitis of the floor of the mouth which, involves the submandibular, submaxillary, and sublingual spaces of the face, it is life threatening if not early recognised and complications like septicemia and asphyxia caused by expanding edema of soft tissues of the neck may occur.

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A 11-year-old boy referred to, our clinic had tender swelling of the floor of his mouth. Based on his history and symptoms, the diagnosis of Ludwig’s angina was suspected. Infected teeth were diagnosed in oral and radiological examination.

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The child was treated appropriately by extraction of infected teeth after antibiotic therapy. Many departments may have limited experience of the disease because of its rare occurrence. So, it is important to recognize Ludwings angina in the earlier stages of the disease.

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Introduction: Ludwig´s angina was firstly described by Wilhelm Frederick von Ludwing in 1836. Ludwig´s angina is a serious, life threatening if not early recognised and treated due to septicemia and asphyxia caused by expanding edema of soft tissues of the neck.



Souce: JBR Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Dental Science
Authors: Mine Simsek / Esma Yildiz / Mutar Hamdi Aras

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The causes and treatment of Dental Hypersensitivity

Hypersensitivity is more common than you might think, and is characterized as a sharp, stabbing pain of short duration and occurs when there are changes in temperature.

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Tooth sensitivity has several causes, some of them can be: gum recession and enamel wear. The dentist must evaluate and find the causative agent to prevent the patient from suffering from this pathology again.

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The dentist should make recommendations to the patient regarding the brushing technique and the type of toothbrush used by the patient. We share with the dental community an extensive and interesting article that tells us about dental hypersensitivity, its causes and treatments.

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How does hypertension affect oral health?

The World Health Organization attributes hypertension, or high blood pressure, as the leading cause of cardiovascular mortality. An elevated arterial pressure is probably the most important public health problem in developed countries.

It is common, asymptomatic readily detectable and easily treatable, and if untreated, often leads to complications. Although our understanding of the pathophysiology of elevated arterial pressure has increased, in 90 to 95% of cases the etiology is still largely unknown.

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As a consequence, in most cases hypertension is treated non-specifically, resulting in the large number of minor side effects and relatively high non-compliance rate. The ratio of hypertension frequency in women versus men increases from 0.6 to 0.7 at age 30 to 1.1 to 1.2 at age 65.

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Dentists have a rare opportunity to detect cases of hypertension. It is a professional responsibility of a dental clinician to inform the patient of their hypertensive state and to offer medical advice, including epropriate referrals.



Souce: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Vol. 16 Issue 2 May - Aug 2012 215
Authors: Prashant Kumar, KMK Mastan, Ramesh Chowdhary, K Shanmugam

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Oral manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus in children

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is considered a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). From its discovery in 1981 to 2006, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has killed more than 25 million people.

HIV infects about 0.6% of the world's population. In 2005, AIDS claimed an estimated 2.4-3.3 million lives, of which more than 570,000 were children. Most of the cases are seen in sub-Saharan countries and developing nations.

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Antiretroviral treatment reduces both the mortality and the morbidity rates of HIV infection, but routine access to antiretroviral medication is not available in all countries. HIV transmission in children occurs mainly through vertical transmission (mother to child).

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° Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Vol. 16 Issue 2 May - Aug 2012
° Srinivas Rao Ponnam / Gautam Srivastava / Kotaih Theruru

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Effects of tobacco on the oral cavity: Nicotine Stomatitis

We all know the consequences of tobacco use, and its effects on general and oral health. This time we will talk about the consequences of nicotine in the oral cavity.

Cigarette smoke irritates the oral mucosa, causing lesions such as nicotinic stomatitis.



We must bear in mind that smoking generates short and long-term consequences. In the oral cavity it can generate periodontitis, gingivitis and pathologies in the oral mucosa.

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What Does Your Tongue Say About Your State Of Health?

The tongue plays an important role in many functions such as chewing, swallowing, and speech. Having a healthy tongue is necessary because various diseases become visible through it.

We must take into account the color, shape and texture of the tongue because variations of it may indicate some pathology. When washing your mouth, do not forget to also use the brush to clean the tongue.



We leave you this interesting video where it shows us the different colors that our language may have and the pathologies that may be happening to us.

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Top 10 Mouth Cancer Symptoms

Cancer is an uncontrolled growth of cells that invades and causes damage to nearby tissues. Oral cancer can affect the lips, tongue, tonsils, and salivary glands.

The early detection of cancer ensures a better recovery and success of the treatment, for that we must know the warning signs and the changes that happen in our mouth.

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Between 80% - 90% of patients with oral cancer is due to smoking or chewing tobacco. Be sure to visit your dentist and doctor regularly to prevent an injury from progressing.

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Stomatitis in children - Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Stomatitis is an inflammation of the oral mucosa caused by a viral infection and occurs frequently in children. These happen through the habit of introducing objects into the mouth that are not clean.

One or more sores appear that are very painful and can be found anywhere on the oral mucosa. Its presence is related to the decrease in immunity, but it can also appear due to trauma, stress, or nutritional deficiencies.


Aphthous stomatitis can last days or weeks and usually occurs in children and adolescents, and can appear several times, they are not contagious.

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What are the complications of tongue piercing?

The use of piercings is very old and was a sign of beauty and power. Piercings are still used today as part of a fashion and it is a very widespread practice.

Tongue piercings are the most frequent, and their presence causes serious consequences to soft and dental tissues. Tongue piercing involvement is seen in the short, medium and long term.

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We share with you. a video with recommendations on the risks and consequences of tongue piercing.

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Does Oral Cancer Affect Children?

In general, childhood cancer has a low frequency, and thanks to advances in science, its mortality rate is even lower. But does oral cancer affect children?

The characteristics of cancer in children must be taken into account, in cases of a malignant tumor, it develops faster than in adults.


As always, it is important to highlight that prevention is the best way to fight cancer. Visit your pediatrician and pediatric dentist for ongoing and systematic evaluations.

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VIDEO: Signs and symptoms of TMJ disorders

The temporo mandibular joint is one that joins the jaw with the skull. Muscles, tendons and bones are involved in this complex joint. Treatment is effective once the cause is found.

Temporomandibular joint syndrome is the lesion or localized pain that the patient presents in the joint.

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The reasons for the injury can be varied: dental malocclusions, blows to the jaw or joint, bruxism, stress, arthritis, etc. Additionally, other medical conditions not related to the TMJ may cause perceived pain in the jaw area.

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ORAL MEDICINE: What are tonsil stones?

Tonsil stones are small masses that lodge in the tonsils, have an unpleasant odor and are also the cause of bad breath.

The tonsils are covered with a mucosa that contains a large number of pits, and it is precisely in those pits that the remains of food and bacteria remain, which when hardened become tonsilloliths.

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These stones are not malignant, but if it is a factor of bad breath (halitosis), in case these stones are larger it can cause odinogafia (pain when passing food).

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How are diabetes and periodontal disease related?

Diabetes is a disease characterized by not having control of the blood sugar level. The human body loses this control due to the absence or decrease of the hormone called insulin, whose function is to control sugar levels in the body.

People with diabetes have an increased risk of developing gum disease. High blood sugar levels can damage various organs and the same to the gum.

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Because high blood sugar levels cause damage to blood vessels, this reduces the supply of oxygen and nutrition to the gums, increasing the likelihood of gum and bone infections.

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Video: Dental Abscess in 3d

An abscessed tooth is a collection of pus that forms in different areas of the teeth. For example, there are periodontal, periapical and gingival abscesses.

Abscesses must be treated in time, because they can become very dangerous to your health. The patient will report pain when chewing, swelling of the gums, loose teeth, bad breath, bad taste in the mouth, etc.


A fracture of a tooth, a caries infection, or a periodontal disease are the causes of the appearance of an abscess. We share an interesting 3D video about dental abscesses.

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Bruxism: Why do you need a dental splint?

Bruxism is a pathology that consists of teeth grinding, it is known as a trigger for stress. This pathology can occur day or night, but it is more related to sleep.

The dental splint is a device that aims to treat bruxism, snoring and apnea. Patients who suffer from a mandibular disorder and bruxism, use the splint to protect from the consequences of teeth grinding or clenching.

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Bruxism brings consequences to the oral cavity, such as: tooth wear and fracture, bone resorption, jaw pain, headache. So the diagnosis and treatment must be carried out immediately.

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Black hairy tongue: Why it happens?

A curious case was published by Dr. Yasir Harmad, in the New England Journal of Medicine.

The case was the presence of a 55-year-old woman who developed a black, hairy tongue after taking antibiotics for an infected wound.

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This condition refers when the tongue papillae grow more than normal and turn black. In this condition the papillae can grow between 12 and 18 millimeters, when the usual size is 1 millimeter.

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