Bruxism is a parafunctional habit characterized by teeth grinding or clenching, usually at night. This activity generates a series of problems in the teeth, chewing muscles and jaw joint.
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Bruxism is often seen in the dental office and is listed as the “third most common form of sleep disorders after sleep talking and snoring.” This parafunctional habit (or parasomnia in medical terms) of grinding or gnashing the teeth and clenching the jaw has two different subdisorders—awake (diurnal) bruxism and sleep (nocturnal) bruxism—and is encompassed by a complex web of supposed causes and variables.
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Sleep bruxism (SB) exists in 8% to 31.4% of the population, while awake bruxism has a higher prevalence exhibited in 22.1% to 31% of the general population.
Unfortunately, both conditions have the same deleterious effects on the patient’s mouth and jaw, causing a cascade of destructive symptoms in the mouth, head, and neck. The parafunctional activities of bruxism cause hypersensitivity in teeth, headaches, painful muscles of the jaw and temporomandibular joint (TMJ), occlusal wear, and often, damage dental restorations, even dental implants.
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Indeed, 13% of failed implants are attributed to bruxism, making recognition of the disorder essential before commencing implantation work.
Without question, bruxism is a constant symptom in the dental office, at least in its presenting symptoms. However, there is more to this complex and perplexing disorder than meets the eye, as any dental professional who has been in the field for more than a few years can tell you. Beyond the local effects, the syndrome is correlated with a host of other medical and lifestyle issues. This leads us to the question: Is bruxism a medical or dental issue?
Souce: https://www.rdhmag.com/pathology/oral-systemic/article/14169169/medical-problems-dental-solutions-bruxism-a-medical-or-dental-issue
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